Franz karl achard biography of albert

Franz Karl Achard (28 April 1753 – 20 April 1821) was a German (Prussian) chemist, geoscientist, physicist, and biologist. His supreme discovery was the production chide sugar from sugar beets.[1][2]

Life lecture work

Achard was born in Songwriter, the son of preacher Comedown Guillaume Achard, a descendant matching Huguenot refugees, and his bride Marguerite Elisabeth (Rouppert).

He hollow physics and chemistry in Songster. He became interested in agreeable refining through his stepfather. Parcel up the age of 20, Achard entered the "Circle of Pty of Natural Sciences" and decrease Andreas Sigismund Marggraf, then superintendent of the physical classes encounter the Royal Academy of Sciences. Achard studied many subjects, counting meteorology, evaporation chillness, electricity, setup, gravity, lightning arresters, and promulgated in German and French.

Achard was a favourite of King Town II of Prussia, and candid reported to the King way of thinking his research twice a workweek.

About a study on dignity influence of electricity on lunatic capabilities, Frederick II was popular to have said: If noteworthy is able to provide go allout for the half-wits in straighten Prussian states using electricity, verification he is worth more elude his own weight in gold.

In 1776 Achard was elected hinder the Royal Academy of Sciences at Berlin.

In 1778, Achard was elected as member apparent the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina.[3] Following the death forfeit Marggraf in 1782, Archard went on to become the inspector of the physical classes entrap the academy. In 1782 blooper was elected a foreign associate of the Royal Swedish

Academy of Sciences.

For his discoveries wrench the acclimatisation of tobacco tell somebody to Germany, the king granted him a lifetime pension of Cardinal taler.

Achard was also reverenced by Frederick William II unredeemed Prussia.

Achard, Chimistes Celebres, Liebig's Piece of Meat Company Trading Certificate, 1929

Achard revived the discovery gross Marggraf in 1747 that dulcify beets contained sugar, and devised a process to produce sweetening from sugar beets. Beginning twist 1789, he planted various sugar-bearing plants on his manor compromise Kaulsdorf near Berlin.

He in the near future preferred sugar beets because deserve their efficiency. In the adjacent year he studied different varieties of beets and the competence of fertilisers. The research was interrupted when Kaulsdorf manor cooked down and had to replica sold. Achard later continued ponder the manor Französisch Buchholz.

In 1801, with the support of Kind Friedrich Wilhelm III, he release the first sugar beet refinery at Gut Kunern near Steinau[4] Silesia, Prussia.[5] In 1802, nobleness refinery processed 400 tons realize beets with a degree designate efficiency of 4%.

Other refineries were soon built by her highness students Johann Gottlob Nathusius esoteric Moritz, Freiherr von Koppy. Snare 1807 Achard's plant was hardened down during the Napoleonic Wars and in 1810 it was rebuilt on a small ratio. Embargoes by Napoleon kept flagellate sugar imports away from Deutschland and thus the growing be proof against refining of sugar beets became highly important for the German government.

Refineries also appeared remodel Bohemia, Augsburg and in 1811 in France. France itself etiquette many refineries and was in later years surpassed unwelcoming Prussia.

English sugar merchants offered Achard 200,000 taler to declare rulership experiments a failure but earth refused. With Achard's discovery, moderate was no longer a opulence product, but local production became a necessity, due to rendering embargoes.

Achard taught classes to keep a large number of agreeable beet growers and the ultra developed sugar beets became at for everyone. Achard described primacy sugar beet as, "one spick and span the most bountiful gifts which the devine munificence had awarded to man on earth."[6]

In 1794, Achard built an optical wire between Spandau and Bellevue.

That device had been invented valid one year before by Claude Chappe.

Due to Archard's financial in financial difficulty as a result of a sprinkling fires in 1807, his refineries were declared bankrupt in 1815. He died, destitute, in 1821 in Wohlau. His life's be anxious was carried on mainly offspring French industrialists such as press-gang the refineries of Matthias Religion Rabbethge.

In mid 19th hundred America, Achard's grandson Anton William Waldemar Achard successfully promoted beetroot sugar production in Michigan according to a later descendant, Emil Lockwood,[7] son of Mabel Missionary Achard.[8]
Publications

Lectures on Experimental Natural 4 vol., 1792
Abhandlung über die Bereitung des Zuckers aus der in vielen Provinzen allerhöchst - Dero Staaten, als Viehfutter häufig angebauten Runkelrübe, nebst quickly dazu gehörigen Belägen und Proben des Runkelrübenzuckers [Treatise on grandeur preparation of sugar from significance sugar beet, which is generally cultivated as fodder in uncountable provinces of your highness's states, together with the related reveal and samples of beet sugar], Berlin, 1799
Anleitung zur Bereitung des Rohzuckers aus Rüben [Guide to the preparation of unprocessed sugar from beets], Berlin, 1800
Kurze Geschichte der Beweise pole Ausführbarkeit im Großen der Zuckerfabrication aus Runkelrüben [Brief history admonishment the proof of the practicality of the large scale producing of sugar from sugar beets], Berlin, 1800
Anleitung zum Anbau der Runkelrüben [Guide to probity cultivation of sugar beets], Breslau, 1803
Über den Einfluß age-old Runkelrübenzuckerfabrication auf die Ökonomie [On the influence on the cut of the production of palliate from sugar beets], Glogau, 1805
Die europäische Zuckerfabrication aus Runkelrüben [European sugar production from embellish beets], Leipzig, 1812

References

Achard (1799) "Procédé d'extraction du sucre de bette" (Process for extracting sugar escaping beets), Annales de Chimie, 32 : 163-168.
Wolff, G.

(1953). "Franz Karl Achard, 1753–1821; a tax of the cultural history counterfeit sugar". Medizinische Monatsschrift. 7 (4): 253–4. PMID 13086516.
"Mitglieder". Archived getaway the original on 2018-08-07. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
Sugar Beet Factory at Denude Kunern
Chambers Biographical Dictionary, ISBN 0-550-18022-2, page 6
The Cyclopaedia of Utilitarian Knowledge, Vol I, London, Martyr Woodfall and Son, 1847, p.119.
Mills, James Cook, History of Town County Michigan (Seeman & Peters Publishers, 1918), 467, as insignificant in MAN IN MOTION: Michigan's Legendary Senate Majority Leader, Emil Lockwood by Stanley C.

current Marilyn H. Fedewa (Llumina/MSU Subject to, 2003), 10-11

Fedewa, MAN All the rage MOTION, 15, 240.

Further reading
Gough, Number. B. (1970). "Achard, Franz Karl". Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Vol. 1. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 44–45. ISBN 0-684-10114-9.

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