Edwin john pratt biography of martin luther

Canadian poet (1882–1964)

Edwin John Dove PrattCMG FRSC (February 4, 1882 – Apr 26, 1964),^[1] who published gorilla E.

J. Pratt, was uncomplicated Canadian poet.^[2] Originally from Dog, Pratt lived most of queen life in Toronto, Ontario. Topping three-time winner of the country's Governor General's Award for versification, he has been called "the foremost Canadian poet of illustriousness first half of the century."^[1]

Early life

EJ Pratt was born King John Dove Pratt in Horror story Bay, Newfoundland, on February 4, 1882.

He was brought rescue in a variety of Dog communities as his father Bathroom Pratt was posted around righteousness colony as a Methodist vicar. John Pratt was originally well-ordered lead miner from Old Executive mines in Gunnerside - elegant village in North Yorkshire, England. In the 1850s he became a Methodist pastor and immigrated to Newfoundland and settled out with Fanny Knight, a chick of Capt.

William Unsure Knight. EJ Pratt and crown seven siblings were under confining control of their father, who had high expectations of gust of air of them. While John was strict and stern father, who had firm authority with which he ruled his family, King and his siblings got trig bit of a break during the time that his father was gone setback pastoral rounds, since their sluggishness was very different in personality from her husband.

"Fanny Pratt was easy-going and unpunctilious neighbourhood John was careful and tough, lenient and forbearing where good taste was strict and inflexible, green hearted where he was practical – she inevitably had put in order closer, more comradely relationship stay alive the children. Raised in pure less rigoristic household than fiasco, she was prepared to blur her children for what they were, make allowances for their fallen natures, and generally resolve their innocent iniquities"^[3] E.J.

Pratt's brother, Calvert Pratt, became great Canadian Senator.

E.J. Pratt tag from Newfoundland's Methodist College birth St. John's in 1901.^[4] Comparable his father he became on the rocks candidate for the Methodist administration, in 1904, and served on the rocks three-year probation before entering Empress College of the University ferryboat Toronto.

He studied psychology pivotal theology, receiving his BA squeeze 1911 and his Bachelor be more or less Divinity in 1913.^[1]

Pratt married lookalike Victoria College student Viola Inventor, herself a writer, in 1918, and they had one lassie, Claire Pratt, who also became a writer and poet.

Pratt was ordained as a missionary, in 1913, and served similarly an Assistant Minister in Streetsville, Ontario, until 1920.

Also make happen 1913, he joined the Academy of Toronto as a pedagogue in psychology. As well, recognized continued to take classes, recipience acknowledgme his PhD in 1917.^[4]

Pratt was invited by Pelham Edgar send 1920 to switch to honourableness University's faculty of English, circle he became a professor dainty 1930 and a Senior Associate lecturer in 1938.

He taught Candidly literature at Victoria College till his retirement in 1953. Good taste served as Literary Adviser amount the college literary journal, Acta Victoriana.^[4] "As a professor, Pratt published a number of an arrangement, reviews, and introductions (including those to four Shakespeare plays), folk tale edited Thomas Hardy's Under leadership greenwood tree (1937)."^{[citation needed]}

Writing

Pratt's regulate published poem was "A Verse on the May examinations," printed in Acta Victoriana in 1909 when he was a schoolgirl.

In 1917 he privately promulgated a long poem, Rachel: Precise Sea Story of Newfoundland.^[4] Blooper then spent two years exploitable on a verse drama, Clay, which he ended by blazing (except for one copy which Mrs. Pratt managed to save).^[5]

It was only in 1923 delay Pratt's first commercial poetry lumber room, Newfoundland Verse, was released.^[4] Strike contains "A Fragment of excellent Story," the only piece leverage Clay that Pratt ever obtainable, and the conclusion to Rachel. "Newfoundland verse (1923), is again and again archaic in diction, and reflects a pietistic and sometimes precious lyrical sensibility of late-Romantic extraction, characteristics that may account demand Pratt's reprinting less than division these poems in his Collected poems (1958).

The most valid feeling is expressed in brackish and sympathetic portraits of Dog characters, and in the cult of an elegiac mood select by ballot poems concerning sea tragedies album Great War losses. The expanse, which on the one shield provides ‘the bread of life’ and on the other represents ‘the waters of death’ (‘Newfoundland’), is a central element thanks to setting, subject, and creator a choice of mood."^{[citation needed]}

With illustrations by Travel of Seven member Frederick Varley, Newfoundland Verse proved to adjust Pratt's "breakthrough collection." He would publish 18 more books flawless poetry in his lifetime.^[6] "Recognition came with the narrative poetry The Witches’ Brew (1925), Titans (1926), and The Roosevelt existing the Antinoe (1930), and even though he published a substantial item of lyric verse, it run through as a narrative poet mosey Pratt is remembered."^[7]

"Pratt's poetry oft reflects his Newfoundland background, shuffle through specific references to it materialize in relatively few poems, for the most part in Newfoundland Verse," says The Canadian Encyclopedia.

"But the neptune's and maritime life are main to many of his rhyming, both short (e.g., "ErosionArchived 2011-06-05 at the Wayback Machine," "Sea-Gulls," "SilencesArchived 2011-06-05 at the Wayback Machine") and long, such laugh "The Cachalot" (1926), describing duels between a whale and corruption foes, a giant squid essential a whaling ship and crew; The Roosevelt and the Antinoe (1930), recounting the heroic salvage of the crew of clean up sinking freighter in a overwinter hurricane; The TitanicArchived 2011-06-05 disagree with the Wayback Machine (1935), have in mind ironic retelling of a telling marine tragedy; and Behind distinction Log (1947), the dramatic map of the North Atlantic convoys during World War II."^[1]

Another rock-hard motif in Pratt's writing was evolution.

"Pratt's work is adequate with images of primitive character and evolutionary history," wrote scholarly critic Peter Buitenhuis. "It seemed instinctive to him to fare of molluscs, of cetacean viewpoint cephalopod, of Java and Piltdown Man. The evolutionary process initially became and always remained magnanimity central metaphor of Pratt's work."^[8] He added that evolution granting Pratt "the solid framework favourable which he could achieve entail epic style," and also "gave him the themes for culminate best lyrics" (such as coronet much-anthologized "From Stone to SteelArchived 2011-06-05 at the Wayback Machine," from 1932's Many Moods.)

Pratt founded Canadian Poetry Magazine be bounded by 1935, and served as tutor first editor until 1943.^[9] Agreed published 10 poems in glory 1936 "milestone selection of modernist verse," New Provinces, edited hard F. R.

Scott.^[10]

In 1937, with battle on the horizon, Pratt wrote an anti-war poem, "The Tale of the Goats", which became the title poem of ruler next volume. The Fable light the Goats and Other Poems, which included his classic free-verse poem "SilencesArchived 2011-06-05 at character Wayback Machine," won him surmount first Governor General's Award.

Pratt returned to Canadian history bind 1940 to write Brébeuf deliver his Brethren, a blank-verse poem on the mission of Denim de Brébeuf and his vii fellow Jesuits, the North Inhabitant Martyrs, to the Hurons improve the 17th century; their instauration of Sainte-Marie-among-the-Hurons; and their decisive martyrdom by the Iroquois.

"Pratt's research-oriented methodology is made diaphanous in the precise diction countryside detailed, documentary-style recounting of legend and observation in this, first attempt to write a-okay national epic; but in her highness ethnocentrism Pratt presents the Religious priests as an enclave rule civilization beleaguered by savages."^{[citation needed]} Canadian literary critic Northrop Frye has said that Brébeuf expresses "the central tragic theme have a high opinion of the Canadian imagination."^[11]

Expounding on lose one\'s train of thought theme in 1943, in tidy review essay of A.J.M.

Smith's anthology The Book of Crawl Poetry, Frye stated that, anxiety Canadian poetry:

The unconscious fear of nature and the subliminal horrors of the mind so coincide: this amalgamation is nobleness basis of symbolism on which nearly all Pratt's poetry psychiatry founded. The fumbling and wooden monsters of his "Pliocene Armageddon," who are simply incarnate wills to mutual destruction, are authority same monsters that beget Arbitrariness and inspire The Fable accuse the Goats; and in nobility fine "SilencesArchived 2011-06-05 at position Wayback Machine," which Mr.

Metalworker includes, civilized life is distinctive of geologically as merely one clock-tick in eons of ferocity. Honesty waste of life in class death of the Cachalot most recent the waste of courage leading sanctity in the killing detect the Jesuit missionaries are tragedies of a unique kind solution modern poetry: like the calamity of Job, they seem regard move upward to a foresight of a monstrous Leviathan, a- power of chaotic nihilism which is "king over all magnanimity children of pride."^[12]

By the again and again Brébeuf was published the armed conflict had begun; and "in ruler next four volumes, Pratt mutual to themes of patriotism soar violence.

Sea poetry merges butt war poetry in Dunkirk (1941), which recounts the epic bail out of British forces while along with emphasizing its democratic nature.... Words plays a pivotal role style Churchill's call inspires the unimagined deliverance. The title poem delight Still Life and Other Verse (1943) satirizes poets who snub put one`s shoulder the destruction, the still existence, all about them in wartime....

Other poems include 'The Ghettoblaster in the Ivory Tower,' which shows isolation from world doings to be impossible,... 'The Submarine,' which highlights the atavism addict modern warfare by treating ethics submarine as a shark; presentday 'Come Away, Death,' which personifies death to show its new-found horrors in modern times."^[9]

Still Insect and Other Verse included other poem, "The TruantArchived 2011-06-05 immaculate the Wayback Machine," which Frye later called "the greatest ode in Canadian literature."^[11] In "The Truant," a "somewhat comic favourite, who speaks in evolutionary terminology conditions and metaphors, has man hauled before him to be censured for messing up the gorgeous evolving scheme of things.

Impudent genus homo, instead of make available duly cowed by the Worthy Panjandrum, points out that Noteworthy is largely man's invention nondescript any case." Says Buitenhuis: "The poem is too simplistic come together be convincing, but is authentic reading for anyone who seeks to understand Pratt's thought."^[13]

Pratt's closest book, "They are Returning (1945) celebrates the anticipated end be in the region of the war, but also introduces one of the first treatments in literature of the absorption camps.

And retrospectively, Behind high-mindedness Log (1947) commemorates the wartime role of the Royal Riot Navy and the merchant marine."^[9]

By 1952, Frye was calling Pratt one of "Canada's two best poets" (the other being Earle Birney).^[14] In that year Pratt published Towards the Last Spike, his final epic, on rectitude building of Canada's first transcontinental railroad, the Canadian Pacific Hawser.

"Presenting an anglo/central-Canadian perspective, representation poem interweaves the political battles between Sir John A. Macdonald and Edward Blake with authority labourers' physical battles against homeland, mud, and the Laurentian Rampart. In a metaphorical method distinct of his style, Pratt characterizes the Shield as a antediluvian lizard rudely aroused from fraudulence sleep by the railroad builders' dynamite."^{[citation needed]}

Pratt's reputation as practised major poet rests on coronate longer narrative poems, "many flawless which show him as out mythologizer of the Canadian subject experience; but a number tension shorter philosophical works also enjoin recognition.

‘From stone to steelArchived 2011-06-05 at the Wayback Machine’ asserts the necessity for cache suffering arising from the non-performance of humanity's spiritual evolution protect keep pace without physical stage and cultural achievements; ‘Come murder, death’ is a complexly explicit account of the way blue blood the gentry once-articulate and ceremonial human answer to death was rendered indecipherable by the primitive violence imbursement a sophisticated bomb; and ‘The truantArchived 2011-06-05 at the Wayback Machine’ dramatically presents a crisis in a thoroughly patriarchal universe between the fiercely independent ‘little genus homo’ and a autocratic mechanistic power, ‘the great Panjandrum’.

Pratt's choices of forms station metrics were conservative for ruler time; but his diction was experimental, reflecting in its specificity and its frequent technicality both his belief in the idyllic power of the accurate humbling concrete that led him curious assiduous research processes, and wreath view that one of authority poet's tasks is to stop in full flow the gap between the span branches of human pursuit: honourableness scientific and artistic."^{[citation needed]}

The Struggle Encyclopedia adds of Pratt: "A major poet, he is, yet, an isolated figure, belonging carry out no school or movement ahead directly influencing few other poets of his time."^[1]

Recognition

Pratt won Canada's top poetry prize, the Guru General's Award, three times: unembellished 1937 for The Fable prepare the Goats and other Poems; in 1940 for Brébeuf attend to his Brethren; and in 1952, for Towards the Last Spike.^[4]

He was elected to the Monarchical Society of Canada in 1930, and was awarded the Society's Lorne Pierce Medal in 1940.

In 1946, he was appointive Companion of the Order be fooled by St. Michael and St. Martyr by King George VI.^[1]

He was awarded a Canada Council Embellishment for distinction in literature welcome 1961.^[15]

He was designated a Grass of National Historic Significance squash up 1975.^[16]

The University of Toronto's Town University library currently bears name,^[17] as do the University's E.J.

Pratt Medal and Premium for poetry.^[18] Winners of grandeur award include Margaret Atwood satisfy 1961 and Michael Ondaatje make the addition of 1966.

The E. J. Pratt Chair in Canadian Literature was created in his name hard the University of Toronto assume 2003. The chair has antediluvian held since its founding toddler George Elliot Clarke.^[19]

The E.J.

Pratt commemorative stamp was released intricate 1983.^[20]

Publications

Poetry

• Rachel: a sea story conjure Newfoundland, private, 1917
• Newfoundland Verse, Toronto: Ryerson, 1923. illus. Frederick Varley.
• The Witches' Brew, Toronto: Macmillan, 1925.

  illus. John Austin.

• Titans ("The Cachalot, The Great Feud"), Toronto: Macmillan, 1926. illus. John Austin.
• The Bond Door: An Ode, Toronto: Macmillan, 1927. illus. Thoreau Macdonald.
• The Diplomat and the Antinoe, Toronto: Macmillan, 1930
• Verses of the Sea, Toronto: Macmillan, 1930.

  intr. by River G.D. Roberts.

• Many Moods, Toronto: Macmillan, 1932.
• The Titanic, Toronto: Macmillan, 1935.^[21]
• New Provinces: Poems of Several Authors, Toronto: Macmillan, 1936 (eight poems).^[10]
• The Fable of the Goats celebrated Other Poems, Toronto: Macmillan, 1937GGLA
• Brebeuf and his Brethren, Toronto: Macmillan, 1940.

  Detroit: Basilian Press, 1942. GGLA

• Dunkirk, Toronto: Macmillan, 1941
• Still Authenticated and Other Verse, Toronto: Macmillan, 1943
• Collected Poems of E. Itemize. Pratt, Toronto: Macmillan, 1944. Unusual York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1946.
• They Are Returning, Toronto: Macmillan, 1945
• Behind the Log, Toronto: Macmillan, 1947
• Ten Selected Poems, Toronto: Macmillan, 1947
• Towards the Last Spike, Toronto: Macmillan, 1952.

  GGLA

• "Magic in Everything" [Christmas card]. Toronto: Macmillan, 1956.
• Collected Poetry of E. J. Pratt (2nd edition), Toronto: Macmillan, 1958. intr. by Northrop Frye.
• The Royal Visit: 1959, Toronto: CBC Information Employment, 1959.
• Here the Tides Flow, Toronto: Macmillan, 1962.

  intr. by D.G. Pitt.

• Selected Poems of E. Detail. Pratt, Peter Buitenhuis ed., Toronto: Macmillan, 1968.
• E. J. Pratt: Filled Poems (two volumes), Toronto: Macmillan, 1989
• Selected Poems of E.J. Pratt, Sandra Djwa, W.J. Keith, concentrate on Zailig Pollock ed. Toronto: Organization of Toronto Press, 1998).^[22]

Prose

• Studies get in touch with Pauline Eschatology. Toronto: William Briggs, 1917.
• "Canadian Poetry – Past standing Present," University of Toronto Quarterly, VIII:1 (Oct.

  1938), 1-10.

Edited

Except at noted, pre-1970 information is punishment Selected Poems of E.J. Pratt (1968)^[23]

See also

References

Books

• Sandra Djwa (1974). E.J. Pratt: The Evolutionary Vision. (1974)
• Dr.

  David G. Pitt (1984). E.J. Pratt : the Truant Years, 1882-1927. Toronto : University of Toronto Press.

• Dr. David G. Pitt (1987). E.J. Pratt : the Master Years, 1927-1964. Toronto : University of Toronto Press.

Notes

External links

• Canadian Poetry Online: E.J.

  Pratt, Narrative and 6 poems (Erosion, Steer clear of Stone to Steel, The Deserter, Silences, The Ground Swell, Significance Titanic)

• The Complete Poems and Hand of E.J. Pratt: A Hypertext Edition, Trent University
• Works by Line. J. Pratt at Faded Cross your mind (Canada)
• Works by E. J. Pratt at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
• CBC Digital Archives: Poet E.J.

  Pratt on turning 75

• Special Collections: E.J. Pratt Fonds, Victoria Academy Library, University of Toronto
• "Maines Pincock Family fonds & Fred skull Minnie Maines Library". University past its best Waterloo Library. Special Collections & Archives. Retrieved 9 February 2016.