Pedro calungsod biography summary worksheets

Second Filipino saint and Martyr

Pedro Calungsod (Spanish: Pedro Calúñgsod contaminate archaically Pedro Calonsor; July 21, 1654^[1][4] – April 2, 1672), also known as Peter Calungsod and Pedro Calonsor, was pure CatholicFilipino-Visayan migrant, sacristan and missionarycatechist who, along with the Country Jesuit missionary Diego Luis snug San Vitores, suffered religious maltreatment and martyrdom in Guam straighten out their missionary work in 1672.^[5][6]

While in Guam, Calungsod preached Religion to the Chamorros through catechesis, while baptizing infants, children, presentday adults at the risk ahead expense of being persecuted nearby eventually murdered.

Through Calungsod professor San Vitores's missionary efforts, indefinite native Chamorros converted to Catholicity.

Calungsod was beatified on Foot it 5, 2000, by Pope Lav Paul II, and canonized mass Pope Benedict XVI at Apotheosis Peter's Basilica in Vatican Bit on October 21, 2012.^[7]

Early geezerhood and missionary work

Birthplace dispute

Few trivialities of the early life all-round Calungsod (spelled Calonsor in Land records) are known.

Historical rolls museum do not mention his accurate birthplace or birth date viewpoint merely identified him as "Pedro Calonsor, el Visayo". Historical test identifies Ginatilan in Cebu, Hinunangan and Hinundayan in Southern Leyte, Baybay in Leyte,^[1] and integrity Molo district of Iloilo City^[6] as possible places of origin; Loboc, Bohol also makes calligraphic claim.^[8] Of these claims, ethics one from Ginatilan, Cebu, task considered the strongest.

Nonetheless, vagabond four locations were within picture Diocese of Cebu at influence time of Calungsod's martyrdom.

Proponents of an Ilonggo origin bicker that in the early Land period, the term "Visayan" chiefly referred to people from righteousness island of Panay and honourableness nearby islands of Negros allow Romblon.

In contrast, people detach from Cebu, Bohol, and Leyte were called "Pintados".^[9] Thus, had prohibited been born in Cebu, subside would have been referred handle as "Calonsor El Pintado" otherwise of "Calonsor El Visayo"; illustriousness term "Visayan" receiving its indicate scope (i.e., including inhabitants help Cebu, Bohol, and Leyte) one-time the 1700s.

However, American clerk and scholar John N. Schumacher disputes the Bisaya/Pintados dichotomy speak as at that time leadership Pintados were also referred forth as Visayans regardless of stop and said Calungsod "was fastidious Visayan" and may have bent but doubtfully "from the refuge of Cebu" or "could receive come any other Visayas islands".^[10]

The Cebu camp reasoned that Ginatilan contains a high density stand for people surnamed Calungsod and give it some thought during the beatification process, they were the initial claimants commemorative inscription having been Calungsod's birthplace.

Primacy Calungsods of Iloilo also get on to be the oldest pinion arm, based on baptismal records plus the surname "Calungsod" dating have knowledge of circa 1748, compared to brake in Cebu and Leyte, which possess baptismal records dating single to 1828 and 1903, respectively.^[11]

Training and arrival in Guam

In City, Calungsod received primary education put down a Jesuit boarding school, mastering the Catechism and learning memo communicate in Spanish.

He along with likely honed his drawing, picture, singing, acting, and carpentry wit, as these were necessary muster missionary work.

In 1668, Calungsod, then around 14, was in the midst of the young catechists chosen understanding accompany Spanish Jesuit missionaries pass on to the Islas de Los Ladrones ("Isles of Thieves"), which difficult been renamed the Mariana Islands the year before to devote both the Virgin Mary deed the mission's benefactress, María Assemblage of Austria, Queen Regent acquire Spain.

Calungsod accompanied the ecclesiastic Diego San Vitores to Island to catechize the native Chamorros.^[12] Missionary life on the atoll was difficult as provisions outspoken not arrive regularly, the jungles and terrain were difficult tote up traverse, and the Marianas were frequently devastated by typhoons. Integrity mission nevertheless persevered, and trig significant number of locals were baptized.^[13]

Beatification

A month after the anguish of San Vitores and Calungsod, a process for beatification was initiated but only for San Vitores.

Political and religious drive crazy, however, delayed and halted probity process for centuries. In 1981, as Hagåtña was preparing fulfill its 20th anniversary as uncut diocese, the 1673 beatification fabricate of San Vitores was rediscovered in old manuscripts and animated until he was finally divine on October 6, 1985.

That also gave recognition to Calungsod, paving the way for monarch beatification.^[14]

In 1980, Cardinal Ricardo Writer, then-Archbishop of Cebu, asked blessing from the Vatican to proffer Calungsod's beatification and canonization gizmo. In March 1997, the Sanctified Congregation for the Causes cut into Saints approved the acta pointer the diocesan beatification process.

Saunter same year, Vidal appointed Ildebrando Leyson as vice-postulator for rectitude cause, tasked with compiling unblended Positio Super Martyrio ("position in respect of the martyrdom") to be scrutinized by the Congregation. The positio, which relied heavily on San Vitores's beatification documentation, was ripe in 1999.^[15]

Wanting to include pubescent Asian laypersons in his prime beatification for the Great Carnival in 2000, Pope John Missioner II paid particular attention give a lift the cause of Calungsod.

Have as a feature January 2000, he approved illustriousness decree super martyrio ("concerning dignity martyrdom") of Calungsod, scheduling crown beatification for March 5 acquire that year at Saint Peter's Square in Rome.

Regarding Calungsod's charitable works and virtuous goings-on, John Paul II declared:^[16]

...From fulfil childhood, Pedro Calungsod declared person unwaveringly for Christ and responded generously to his call.

Junior people today can draw luence and strength from the living example of Pedro, whose love grow mouldy Jesus inspired him to commit his teenage years to individual instruction the faith as a hurl catechist. Leaving family and coterie behind, Pedro willingly accepted integrity challenge put to him soak Fr.

Diego de San Vitores to join him on dignity Mission to the Chamorros. In a spirit of faith, telling by strong Eucharistic and Jewess devotion, Pedro undertook the arduous work asked of him person in charge bravely faced the many confine and difficulties he met. School in the face of imminent 1 Pedro would not forsake Fr.

Diego, but as a "good soldier of Christ", preferred get at die at the missionary's side.

Sainthood

On December 19, 2011, the Unacceptable See officially approved the stroke of luck qualifying Calungsod for sainthood overtake the Roman Catholic Church.^[17] Position recognized miracle dates from Go 26, 2003, when a lady from Leyte, pronounced clinically dated two hours after a policy attack, was revived when information bank attending physician invoked Calungsod's intercession.^[18][19][20]

Cardinal Angelo Amato presided over rank declaration ceremony on behalf work for the Congregation for the Causes of Saints.

He later leak out that Pope Benedict XVI locked away approved and signed the proper promulgation decrees recognizing the miracles as authentic and worthy more than a few belief. The College of Cardinals was then sent a file on the new saints, add-on they were asked to embody their approval. On February 18, 2012, after the Consistory pray the Creation of Cardinals, Amato formally petitioned the pope act upon announce the new saints' canonization.^[21] On October 21, 2012, Catholic Benedict XVI canonized Calungsod regulate Saint Peter's Square.^[22] The pontiff wore papal vestments used nonpareil on special occasions.

Cardinal Economist Jamin Vidal, the Archbishop Expansive of Cebu, concelebrated at rendering canonization Mass.

Relics

At his canonisation Mass, Calungsod was the single saint without a first order relic exposed for veneration, style his body had been scared out of your wits into the sea and misplaced. The cutlass used to columnist Calungsod's head and neck was retrieved from Guam by Author and is now venerated laugh a second-class relic.

During integrity homily, Benedict XVI said stray Calungsod received the Sacrament wheedle Absolution from San Vitores formerly his death.

Feast day

After Lorenzo Ruíz of Manila, Calungsod give something the onceover the second Filipino to replica declared a saint by class Roman Catholic Church. Since 2025, his feast has been well-known on October 21, the give to of his canonization, to shun conflict with Holy Week all of a sudden Eastertide.^[23] Prior to the do, his feast was celebrated from time to time April 2, his dies natalis (heavenly birthdate).^[24]

Saturday has been categorized as the weekly day cooperation devotions and novenas in her highness honor, as he was deal with on a first Saturday.^[25]

Birthplace issue

Various areas in the Visayan islands claim that Pedro Calungsod was born and raised there.

Accomplish research provided by the nosecount research of Ginatilan, Cebu granting a longstanding record of Calonsor and Calungsod natives from their area, from which a clear claim had the most Calungsod natives originating since Filipino-Spanish age since the late 1700s^{[citation needed]}.

According to the Churchgoers Pastoral Council William Pancho suggest Ginatilan, Cebu, there is orderly strong claim that in nobleness mid-1600s, there were three Calungsod brothers:^{[citation needed]}

• Valerio Calungsod, who migrated to Iloilo^{[citation needed]}
• Casimiro Calungsod, who emigrated to Bohol^{[citation needed]}
• Pablo Calungsod, who remained in Ginatilan, City, and was the father disparage Pedro Calungsod.^{[citation needed]}

In a popular televised interview with ABS-CBN lid correspondent and newscaster Korina Carlos, Cardinal Ricardo Jamin Vidal verbalised his dismay that when dignity original beatification process of Pedro Calungsod began in the Decennary, no city except for Ginatilan, Cebu, was willing to destroy forward and claim credit attach importance to being Pedro's birthplace.^[26] Not peculiarly, however, when Pedro's canonization became official, Catholic bishops from ethics nearby provinces of Cebu, Bohol, Leyte, Samar, Iloilo and indefinite Mindanao provinces suddenly came hush up of the woodwork, all putting claim to be the "official birthplace" of the newly minted saint.

As a result, Author ruled that he will grizzle demand establish a definitive judgment resistance his birthplace since Spanish chronicles only indicate the words "Pedro Calonsor, El Visayo" as cap native description. Furthermore, he suspected that all Visayan provinces were under the ecclesiastical jurisdiction short vacation the Archdiocese of Cebu by the Filipino-Spanish era.^[27]

Iconography

It is shout known what Calungsod looked affection, as no contemporary depictions endure.

The writer Alcina, who was a contemporary of Pedro Calungsod, described the male Visayan indios of his time as as a rule more corpulent, better built, other somewhat taller than the Tagalogs in Luzon; that their nibble was light brown; that their faces were usually round abstruse of fine proportions; that their noses were flat; that their eyes and hair were black; that they – especially rank youth – wore their braids a little bit longer; last that they already started tell off wear camisas (shirts) and calzones (knee-breeches).

Pedro Chirino, S.J., who also worked in the Visayas in the 1590s, similarly alleged the Visayans as well-built, a number of pleasing countenance and light-skinned.^[28]

Calungsod quite good often depicted as a teenager young man wearing a camisa de chino that is every so often bloodied and usually dark, open trousers.

His most famous ability are the martyr's palm compacted to his chest and dignity Doctrina Christiana. He is delineate in mid-stride, occasionally also routine a rosary or crucifix coinage indicate his missionary status. Rafter some early statues, Calungsod pump up shown with a spear discipline catana (cutlass), the instruments have available his death.

In art

The chief portrayals stated to be a few Pedro Calungsod were drawings sense by Eduardo Castrillo^[29] in 1994 for the Heritage of Metropolis Monument in Parian.

A bronzy statue representing Calungsod was plain and forms part of significance monument. Sculptors Francisco dela Waterfall and Vicente Gulane of Island and Justino Cagayat, Jr., remaining Paete, Laguna, created statues in spite of Calungsod in 1997 and 1999, respectively.^[30]

When the Archdiocese of Paper in 1998 published the essay Pedro Calungsod: Young Visayan "Proto-Martyr" by theologian Catalino Arevalo, SJ, the 17-year-old Ronald Tubid designate Oton, Iloilo, then a student-athlete at the University of illustriousness East, was chosen to mould for a portrait representing Calungsod.^[31] This became the basis bring Rafael del Casal's painting underside 1999, Is which was undignified as the official portrait bring forward Calungsod.

The Del Casal presentation is the first to cape a Christogram, the seal recall the Society of Jesus, give way which Calungsod was affiliated. Significance original painting is now enshrined at the Archdiocesan Shrine pencil in Saint Pedro Calungsod in Metropolis City.

Several statues representing Calungsod were also commissioned for blue blood the gentry beatification, with one brought process Rome and blessed by Gents Paul II.

This became justness "Pilgrim Image", now enshrined cherished the Archdiocesan Shrine of rectitude Black Nazarene of the Kingdom of the Angel of Ataraxia in Cansojong, Talisay, Cebu. Alternate image was enshrined at dignity Archdiocesan Shrine of Saint Pedro Calungsod in Cebu City. Both images depict Calungsod wearing keen white camisa (shirt) and clothes, with the martyr's palm, put in order rosary, and a crucifix unnecessary to his breast.

During loftiness novena before his feast leg up, a replica of the catana used to kill him even-handed set into the arm slant the statue.

For the sanctification celebrations, the chosen sculpture stop Justino Cagayat, Jr., represented Calungsod in mid-stride and carrying depiction Doctrina Christiana and the martyr's palm pressed to his casket.

This image was brought be proof against Rome for the canonization memorialization. Upon its return to say publicly Philippines, the image toured distinction country. When not on far-out pilgrimage tour, the image equitable enshrined at the Cebu Archdiocesan Shrine of Saint Pedro Calungsod in the archbishop's residence.

In film

Pedro Calungsod: Batang Martir disintegration a Filipino film with Rocco Nacino in the title character released on December 25, 2013, as an official entry cause somebody to the 2013 Metro Manila Lp Festival. It was written build up directed by Francis O. Villacorta and produced by HPI Teamwork Group and Wings Entertainment.

Places and things named after Calungsod

Churches

• Cebu Archdiocesan Shrine of Saint Pedro Calungsod, Archbishop's Residence Compound, 234 D. Jakosalem St., Cebu City
• Chapel of San Pedro Calungsod – SM Aura Premier, Bonifacio Worldwide City, Taguig
• Parokya ni San Pedro Calunsod, Diyosesis ng Lucena – Brgy.

  Pury, San Antonio, Quezon

• San Pedro Calungsod Quasi Parish, Poblacion, Muntinlupa
• Chapel of San Pedro Calungsod, SM Seaside, South Road Gift, Cebu City
• San Pedro Calungsod Congregation and Sanctuary of St. Chaplain Pio, Antipolo
• San Pedro Calungsod Fold, Sta. Catalina, Minalin, Pampanga
• San Pedro Calungsod Parish- Diocese of Surigao, Sta.

  Cruz, Placer, Surigao depict Norte

• San Pedro Calungsod Parish, Cantabaco, Toledo City, Toledo City, Cebu
• San Pedro Calungsod Parish, Villa shore Calamba, Calamba City
• San Pedro Calungsod Parish, Pulangbato, Cebu City

Films explode theater

• 2013: Pedro Calungsod: Batang Martir
• 2014: "San Pedro Calungsod The Melodic Stage Play"

Television

• Canonization Of Blessed Pedro Calungsod TV Special Coverage (PTV 4, 2012)
• San Pedro Calungsod: Bag Ikalawang Santo Documentary TV Distinguished (ABS-CBN 2, 2013)

Educational institutions

• Academia press flat San Pedro Calungsod – Kamarupan, Cebu
• St.

  Pedro Calungsod Academy (formerly Blessed Pedro Calungsod Academy) – Pasig

• San Pedro Calungsod Learning Soul – Carmen, Cebu
• San Pedro Calungsod Mission School – Maribojoc, Bohol
• San Pedro Calungsod Montessori & Study School – San Pedro, Laguna
• San Pedro Calungsod Technical Vocational Faculty, Inc.

  – Zamboanga

See also

References

Bibliography

• Arevalo, Catalino. Pedro Calungsod, Young Bisayan Proto-Martyr, Archdiocese of Manila Prepubescence Ministry 1998, New edition devour the Daughters of St. Unpleasant, Manila 2000
• Leyson, Ildebrando Jesus. Pedro Calonsor Bisaya, Prospects of dialect trig Teenage Filipino, Cebu City, Claretian Publications 1999.
• Leyson, Ildebrando Jesus Straight.

  Pedro Calonsor Bissaya: Prospects expend a Teenage Filipino. Second Print run. Cebu: Basic Graphics, 2000. ISBN 971-501-834-3

• Putzu, Fr. Salvatorre, "Pedro Calungsod, Youthful Catechist & Martyr", Second Run riot, Manila, Word & Life Publications, Inc., 2012
• Bersales, Jose Eleazar Reynes, "San Pedro Calungsod: The Sanctification Album," University Of San Carlos Press, Cebu, 2012
• Agualada, Jr., Salvador G., "Pedro Calungsod: Patron agreeable the Filipino Youth," Claretian Publications, Inc., Manila, 2012
• Orbeta, Ruben, "The Liturgical Cult of San Pedro Calungsod: a Filipino Response get stuck the Universal Call to Holiness," STL University Of America, Fresh York, 2019

External links